NCERT Solution of Glimpses Of India Class 10 English
Summary
“A Baker from Goa” is a vivid depiction of the traditional Goan village baker, who continues to hold a significant role in society. Despite the passage of time, the art of bread-making, a legacy of Portuguese influence, remains alive. The elders in Goa nostalgically remember the Portuguese era and their
loaves of bread. The bakers, known as “paders,” continue the tradition, waking up the village with the jingling sound of their bamboo staffs as they deliver bread.
The baker’s arrival was eagerly anticipated, especially by children who were fond of the bread-bangles. Bread remains an integral part of Goan celebrations and daily life, from weddings to festive occasions like Christmas. The bakers wore distinctive attire, and their monthly accounts were recorded on walls. The profession was profitable, ensuring bakers and their families were well-fed and happy.
Part 1: A Baker from Goa
Summary: This section reminisces about the traditional Goan bakers, known as ‘pader’, who were an integral part of Goan society. The narrative focuses on the importance of bread in Goan culture and daily life, from special occasions to everyday meals. The writer recalls the arrival of the baker, dressed in a traditional kabai (a single-piece long frock), with his bamboo staff, the jingling sound announcing his presence. The aroma of freshly baked bread and the enthusiasm of children running to collect bread bangles and sweet bread buns are fondly described.
Explanation: This part highlights the lasting legacy of the Portuguese in Goa, evident through the traditional bread-making practices. The baker’s role transcends mere commerce, becoming a cultural symbol. Bread is not just a food item but a part of every social and religious celebration, symbolizing the fusion of Indian and Portuguese cultures in Goa.
Summary of “A Baker from Goa”
“A Baker from Goa” is a pen-portrait that nostalgically recalls the traditional Goan village baker, who continues to play a significant role in the community. The author reminisces about the days of Portuguese rule in Goa, particularly their famous loaves of bread. Despite the departure of the Portuguese, the art of bread-making has survived, with the traditional bakers, known as “pader” in Goa, still practicing their craft. These bakers utilize age-old methods and furnaces that have stood the test of time.
In the author’s childhood, the baker was a familiar and cherished figure, often regarded as a friend, companion, and guide. The baker would visit twice a day: once in the morning during his selling round, and again after his basket was emptied. The distinctive “jhang, jhang” sound of his bamboo staff heralded his arrival, waking the children who eagerly ran to greet him. Their excitement was not so much for the loaves of bread but for the special bread-bangles and sweet bread the baker carried.
The baker’s arrival was a musical event, marked by the jingling thud of his bamboo and his cheerful greeting of “Good morning” to the household. The children, eager to get their hands on the bread-bangles, would often be mildly rebuked and pushed aside, but they persisted, climbing benches or parapets to peek into the baker’s basket. The fragrance of the freshly baked loaves is a vivid memory for the author.
Despite the absence of modern dental hygiene, the children did not care to brush their teeth, drawing a humorous comparison to the tiger, which also did not brush its teeth. They believed that hot tea could clean everything up nicely.
Oral Comprehension Check Answers
- What are the elders in Goa nostalgic about?
- The elders in Goa are nostalgic about the good old Portuguese days and their famous loaves of bread.
- Is bread-making still popular in Goa? How do you know?
- Yes, bread-making is still popular in Goa. The text mentions that the traditional bakers, known as “pader,” are still present, and the age-old furnaces are still in use, indicating the continuity of the bread-making tradition.
- What is the baker called?
- The baker is called “pader” in Goa.
- When would the baker come every day? Why did the children run to meet him?
- The baker would come twice every day: once in the morning during his selling round and again after emptying his basket. The children ran to meet him not for the loaves of bread but for the bread-bangles and the special sweet bread he carried.
Part 2: Coorg
Summary: Coorg, also known as Kodagu, is described as a small district in Karnataka, famous for its coffee plantations, beautiful scenery, and martial traditions. The writer details the region’s misty hills, lush forests, and the Kodavas, a proud and hospitable community known for their bravery. Coorg’s coffee is renowned worldwide, and the region’s wildlife and natural beauty attract numerous tourists. The narrative also touches on the Kodavas’ distinct cultural identity, their traditional dress, and their contribution to the Indian armed forces.
Explanation: Coorg represents the epitome of natural beauty and cultural richness. The description of Coorg’s landscape, along with its coffee plantations, emphasizes the region’s economic significance. The Kodavas’ unique cultural practices, including their martial traditions and traditional attire, underscore the diverse cultural fabric of India. The hospitality and bravery of the Kodavas add to the allure of Coorg, making it a significant cultural and tourist destination.
Summary of “Coorg”
“Coorg” is a picturesque depiction of a beautiful district in Karnataka, India, known for its coffee plantations, evergreen rainforests, and spices. Situated midway between Mysore and Mangalore, Coorg is described as a piece of heaven on earth, inhabited by a proud race of martial men, beautiful women, and diverse wildlife.
Covering 30% of the district, the evergreen rainforests of Coorg create a lush, green landscape. The monsoon season brings heavy rains, deterring many visitors, but from September to March, the weather becomes perfect, filled with the invigorating aroma of coffee. The region is dotted with coffee estates and colonial bungalows nestled under the canopy of trees.
The people of Coorg, known as Kodavus, are fiercely independent and are believed to have Greek or Arabic origins. One theory suggests that a part of Alexander the Great’s army settled here, and their descendants married the local populace. The traditional Kodavu dress, a long black coat with an embroidered waist-belt called “kuppia,” resembles the “kuffia” worn by Arabs and Kurds.
Coorgi homes are known for their hospitality and their rich tradition of valour, evident in the tales recounted by the locals. The Coorg Regiment is one of the most decorated in the Indian Army, with the first Chief of the Indian Army, General Cariappa, hailing from Coorg. Kodavus are also unique in India for being allowed to carry firearms without a license.
The river Kaveri, originating from the hills and forests of Coorg, is a source of life and activity. It is home to the mahaseer fish, kingfishers, squirrels, langurs, and elephants, all thriving in the natural habitat. Adventure enthusiasts can engage in river rafting, canoeing, rappelling, rock climbing, and mountain biking, while trekkers enjoy numerous walking trails.
Visitors can also experience panoramic views from the Brahmagiri hills, explore the island of Nisargadhama, and encounter Buddhist monks from the nearby Tibetan settlement at Bylakuppe. Coorg offers a blend of natural beauty, rich culture, and thrilling activities, making it a captivating destination.
Oral Comprehension Check Answers
- Where is Coorg?
- Coorg is located midway between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore in the state of Karnataka, India.
- What is the story about the Kodavu people’s descent?
- The Kodavu people are believed to be of Greek or Arabic descent. One story suggests that a part of Alexander the Great’s army settled in Coorg and married the locals when they couldn’t return home. Another theory points to Arabic origins, supported by their traditional attire.
- What are some of the things you now know about:
- (i) the people of Coorg?
- The people of Coorg, known as Kodavus, are fiercely independent, martial in tradition, and known for their hospitality and tales of valour. They are the only people in India permitted to carry firearms without a license.
- (ii) the main crop of Coorg?
- The main crop of Coorg is coffee, with extensive coffee plantations spread across the district.
- (iii) the sports it offers to tourists?
- Coorg offers various adventure sports to tourists, including river rafting, canoeing, rappelling, rock climbing, and mountain biking.
- (iv) the animals you are likely to see in Coorg?
- In Coorg, you are likely to see animals such as kingfishers, squirrels, langurs, macaques, Malabar squirrels, slender loris, and wild elephants.
- (v) its distance from Bangalore, and how to get there?
- Coorg is around 250-260 km from Bangalore. You can reach Coorg by air (nearest airports are Mangalore and Bangalore), by rail (nearest railheads are Mysore, Mangalore, and Hassan), or by road (routes via Mysore or Neelamangal, Kunigal, Chanrayanapatna).
- (i) the people of Coorg?
Matching Phrases to Sentences
- During monsoons it rains so heavily that tourists do not visit Coorg.
- “During the monsoons, it pours enough to keep many visitors away.” (para 2)
- Some people say that Alexander’s army moved south along the coast and settled there.
- “As one story goes, a part of Alexander’s army moved south along the coast and settled here when return became impractical.” (para 3)
- The Coorg people are always ready to tell stories of their sons’ and fathers’ valour.
- “Coorgi homes have a tradition of hospitality, and they are more than willing to recount numerous tales of valour related to their sons and fathers.” (para 4)
- Even people who normally lead an easy and slow life get smitten by the high-energy adventure sports of Coorg.
- “The most laidback individuals become converts to the life of high-energy adventure with river rafting, canoeing, rappelling, rock climbing and mountain biking.” (para 6)
- The theory of the Arab origin is supported by the long coat with an embroidered waist-belt they wear.
- “The theory of Arab origin draws support from the long, black coat with an embroidered waist-belt worn by the Kodavus.” (para 3)
- Macaques, Malabar squirrels observe you carefully from the tree canopy.
- “Macaques, Malabar squirrels, langurs and slender loris keep a watchful eye from the tree canopy.” (para 7)
Part 3: Tea from Assam
Summary: The section begins with a conversation between two friends, Rajvir and Pranjol, traveling to Assam. Rajvir, fascinated by the vast tea gardens, learns about the history and cultivation of tea. The narrative describes Assam’s tea estates, with lush green plantations stretching as far as the eye can see. The origin of tea is traced back to ancient China, with anecdotes about its discovery. Assam’s tea culture is rich, and the region is one of the largest tea producers in the world. Rajvir is enthralled by the process of tea cultivation and the stories behind it.
Explanation: Assam is highlighted as a major tea-producing region, contributing significantly to India’s economy. The historical anecdotes about tea, including its discovery by a Chinese emperor and the spread to Europe, provide a global context to Assam’s tea industry. The narrative also educates readers about the agricultural practices involved in tea cultivation, emphasizing the labor and care that go into producing this ubiquitous beverage. Rajvir’s curiosity and enthusiasm serve as a vehicle for readers to appreciate the rich heritage and economic importance of tea in Assam.
Summary of “Tea from Assam”
“Tea from Assam” is an engaging narrative that follows Rajvir and Pranjol, two classmates, on a journey to Pranjol’s home in Assam, one of India’s major tea-producing regions. Pranjol’s father manages a tea garden in Upper Assam, and he invites Rajvir to visit during their summer vacation.
As they travel by train, Rajvir is fascinated by the lush green landscape of Assam, contrasting with Pranjol’s indifference, as he is accustomed to the sight. Rajvir is enthusiastic and shares interesting facts about tea with Pranjol, such as the global consumption of tea and various legends about its origin. He mentions a Chinese legend where tea leaves accidentally fell into boiling water, creating the first cup of tea, and an Indian legend about Bodhidharma, a Buddhist monk.
Upon reaching Mariani junction, they are welcomed by Pranjol’s parents, and they head towards the Dhekiabari Tea Estate. Rajvir is struck by the vast expanses of tea bushes and the activity of the tea pluckers. He impresses Pranjol’s father, Mr. Barua, with his knowledge about tea, particularly about the second-flush or sprouting period, which yields the best tea. Rajvir expresses his eagerness to learn more about tea cultivation during his stay.
Oral Comprehension Check Answers
- What are the elders in Goa nostalgic about?
- The elders in Goa are nostalgic about the good old Portuguese days and their famous loaves of bread.
- Is bread-making still popular in Goa? How do you know?
- Yes, bread-making is still popular in Goa. The text mentions that the traditional bakers, known as “pader,” are still present, and the age-old furnaces are still in use, indicating the continuity of the bread-making tradition.
- What is the baker called?
- The baker is called “pader” in Goa.
- When would the baker come every day? Why did the children run to meet him?
- The baker would come twice every day: once in the morning during his selling round and again after emptying his basket. The children ran to meet him not for the loaves of bread but for the bread-bangles and the special sweet bread he carried.
Oral Comprehension Check Answers
- Where is Coorg?
- Coorg is located midway between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore in the state of Karnataka, India.
- What is the story about the Kodavu people’s descent?
- The Kodavu people are believed to be of Greek or Arabic descent. One story suggests that a part of Alexander the Great’s army settled in Coorg and married the locals when they couldn’t return home. Another theory points to Arabic origins, supported by their traditional attire.
- What are some of the things you now know about:
- (i) the people of Coorg?
- The people of Coorg, known as Kodavus, are fiercely independent, martial in tradition, and known for their hospitality and tales of valour. They are the only people in India permitted to carry firearms without a license.
- (ii) the main crop of Coorg?
- The main crop of Coorg is coffee, with extensive coffee plantations spread across the district.
- (iii) the sports it offers to tourists?
- Coorg offers various adventure sports to tourists, including river rafting, canoeing, rappelling, rock climbing, and mountain biking.
- (iv) the animals you are likely to see in Coorg?
- In Coorg, you are likely to see animals such as kingfishers, squirrels, langurs, macaques, Malabar squirrels, slender loris, and wild elephants.
- (v) its distance from Bangalore, and how to get there?
- Coorg is around 250-260 km from Bangalore. You can reach Coorg by air (nearest airports are Mangalore and Bangalore), by rail (nearest railheads are Mysore, Mangalore, and Hassan), or by road (routes via Mysore or Neelamangal, Kunigal, Chanrayanapatna).
- (i) the people of Coorg?
Most Important Questions of Glimpses of India: Class 10
Part I: A Baker from Goa
Questions and Answers:
- Question: Who were the bakers in Goa known as and what role did they play in the Goan society? Answer: The bakers in Goa were known as ‘pader.’ They played a significant role in Goan society, providing fresh bread every day, which was an essential part of their meals. They were important for special occasions such as weddings and festivals as well.
- Question: Describe the typical appearance of a baker in Goa as mentioned in the text. Answer: The typical baker in Goa was usually dressed in a traditional long frock-like shirt that reached down to the knees. They wore a pair of trousers that were shorter than full-length ones, and their bread-basket was carried on their head.
- Question: What sounds were associated with the arrival of the baker? Answer: The arrival of the baker was announced by the jingling sound of his bamboo staff. This was a unique and characteristic sound that indicated the baker’s presence and was eagerly awaited by the villagers.
- Question: How was the bread delivered to the customers? Answer: The bread was delivered door-to-door. The baker would greet the lady of the house with a polite “Good Morning” and then place the loaves in the basket they provided. Payments were usually made daily or weekly.
- Question: How did the children react to the arrival of the baker? Answer: The children were excited and delighted by the arrival of the baker. They would rush to him to collect the bread bangles, which were a special treat for them.
Part II: Coorg
Questions and Answers:
- Question: Where is Coorg located, and what is it famous for? Answer: Coorg is located in the Western Ghats of Karnataka, India. It is famous for its coffee plantations, spices, and breathtaking scenery, including lush green hills and beautiful streams.
- Question: Describe the cultural heritage of Coorg. Answer: Coorg has a rich cultural heritage, with the Kodavas being the dominant ethnic group. The Kodavas are known for their martial traditions, distinct culture, and traditional attire. They are also known for their hospitality and vibrant festivals.
- Question: What adventurous activities can tourists enjoy in Coorg? Answer: Tourists in Coorg can enjoy a variety of adventurous activities such as river rafting, trekking, rock climbing, and bird watching. The region’s rugged terrain and diverse wildlife offer ample opportunities for adventure enthusiasts.
- Question: What is the significance of coffee in Coorg? Answer: Coffee is a significant part of Coorg’s economy and culture. Coorg is known for producing some of the finest coffee in India. The coffee plantations are not only a major source of income for the locals but also a major tourist attraction.
- Question: How is the natural beauty of Coorg described in the text? Answer: The natural beauty of Coorg is described as mesmerizing, with its rolling hills covered in lush greenery, clear streams and rivers, and misty landscapes. The region’s flora and fauna add to its charm, making it a perfect destination for nature lovers.
Part III: Tea from Assam
Questions and Answers:
- Question: Why is Assam significant in the context of tea production? Answer: Assam is one of the largest tea-producing regions in the world. The state’s climate and terrain are ideal for tea cultivation, making it famous for its black tea, which is known for its briskness, malty flavor, and strong body.
- Question: What is the legend associated with the discovery of tea? Answer: According to Chinese legend, tea was discovered by Emperor Shen Nong in 2737 B.C. when some tea leaves accidentally fell into a pot of boiling water. The resulting brew had a pleasant aroma and taste, marking the beginning of tea consumption.
- Question: Describe the process of tea cultivation as mentioned in the text. Answer: Tea cultivation involves several steps, starting with planting tea bushes in well-drained, slightly acidic soil. The tea plants are regularly pruned to encourage new growth. After a few years, the tea leaves are handpicked, processed, and then packed for distribution.
- Question: How is tea an integral part of Assamese culture? Answer: Tea is deeply embedded in Assamese culture, not only as a major economic activity but also as a daily ritual. Tea is consumed multiple times a day by the people of Assam and is an important part of their hospitality and social interactions.
- Question: What unique features of Assam tea are highlighted in the text? Answer: Assam tea is highlighted for its unique features such as its bold, brisk, and malty flavor. It is known for its bright color and strong body, making it a popular choice for breakfast teas like English Breakfast and Irish Breakfast blends.
Exercise Solutions
I. Use these words appropriately in the sentences below:
- A heavy downpour has been forecast due to low pressure in the Bay of Bengal.
- Rakesh will undergo major surgery tomorrow morning.
- My brother is responsible for the upkeep of our family property.
- The dropout rate for this accountancy course is very high.
- She went to the Enterprise Company to attend a walk-in interview.
II. Fill in the blanks with appropriate combinations:
- The Army attempted unsuccessfully to overthrow the Government.
- Scientists are on the brink of a major breakthrough in cancer research.
- The State Government plans to build a bypass for Bhubaneswar to speed up traffic on the main highway.
- Gautama’s outlook on life changed when he realised that the world is full of sorrow.
- Rakesh seemed unusually downcast after the game.
III. Adjectives Exercise
- How would you describe:(i) A good detective serial on television?
- Interesting
(ii) A debate on your favourite topic ‘Homework Should Be Banned’?
- Exciting
(iii) How you feel when you stay indoors due to incessant rain?
- Bored
(iv) How you feel when you open a present?
- Excited
(v) How you feel when you watch your favourite programme on television?
- Interested
(vi) The look on your mother’s face as you waited in a queue?
- Bored
(vii) How you feel when tracking a tiger in a tiger reserve forest?
- Excited
(viii) The story you have recently read, or a film you have seen?
- Interesting
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) and Answers
- Who is Rajvir’s classmate?
- a) Pranjol
- Where is Pranjol’s father a manager?
- b) Tea-garden in Upper Assam
- What did the vendor offer to sell?
- a) Chai
- How many cups of tea are drunk daily worldwide according to Rajvir?
- d) Over eighty crore cups
- What was Pranjol reading on the train?
- b) Detective book
- What did Rajvir find beautiful outside the train window?
- a) Green scenery and tea bushes
- What is the name of the tea estate they visit?
- c) Dhekiabari Tea Estate
- Who welcomed Rajvir and Pranjol at the station?
- a) Pranjol’s parents
- What was the building with smoke billowing out in the distance?
- b) A factory
- How does Pranjol feel about seeing the tea gardens?
- c) Indifferent
- Who discovered tea according to one legend?
- a) Chinese emperor
- Who cut off his eyelids in an Indian legend about tea?
- b) Bodhidharma
- When was tea first drunk in China?
- b) 2700 B.C.
- How was tea first used in Europe?
- c) As medicine
- How long does the second-flush period last?
- d) May to July
- What is the main crop of Assam discussed in the text?
- a) Tea
- How did the boys feel upon reaching Dhekiabari Tea Estate?
- a) Excited
- What do tea-pluckers wear?
- b) Plastic aprons
- Who is Mr. Barua?
- a) Pranjol’s father
- What does Rajvir hope to do at Dhekiabari?
- d) Learn more about tea cultivation
Overall Explanation
“Glimpses of India” offers a vivid portrayal of India’s diversity through snapshots of different regions. Each part provides a unique cultural and economic perspective, celebrating the distinct traditions, landscapes, and histories that contribute to India’s rich tapestry. The chapter underscores the unity in diversity that characterizes the nation, inviting readers to explore and appreciate the multifaceted heritage of India.
Key Themes
- Cultural Diversity: The chapter highlights the varied cultural practices across different regions of India.
- Tradition and Modernity: It explores how traditional practices have adapted to modern times while maintaining their essence.
- Economic Contributions: The narratives emphasize the economic significance of traditional occupations like baking in Goa and tea cultivation in Assam.
- Natural Beauty: The descriptions of Coorg and Assam underscore the natural beauty and tourism potential of these regions.
- Heritage and Legacy: The chapter reflects on the lasting impact of historical influences, such as the Portuguese in Goa and ancient Chinese practices in Assam.
By exploring these regions, “Glimpses of India” invites readers to appreciate the rich and diverse cultural heritage of the country, fostering a deeper understanding and respect for its multifaceted identity.
Reading Comprehension
- What are the elders in Goa nostalgic about?
- The elders in Goa are nostalgic about the Portuguese days and their famous loaves of bread.
- Is bread-making still popular in Goa? How do you know?
- Yes, bread-making is still popular in Goa. This is evident because the bakers (paders) and their traditional baking methods are still present in Goan villages.
- What is the baker called?
- The baker is called a “pader.”
- When would the baker come every day? Why did the children run to meet him?
- The baker would come twice a day: once in the morning on his selling round and once after he had sold all his bread. The children ran to meet him because they were eager for the bread-bangles.
- Match the following:
- (i) as marriage gifts? – sweet bread called bol
- (ii) for a party or a feast? – bread
- (iii) for a daughter’s engagement? – sandwiches
- (iv) for Christmas? – cakes and bolinhas
- What did the bakers wear: (i) in the Portuguese days? (ii) when the author was young?
- (i) In the Portuguese days, the bakers wore a single-piece long frock known as the kabai.
- (ii) When the author was young, the bakers wore shirts and trousers that were shorter than full-length ones but longer than half pants.
- Who invites the comment — “he is dressed like a pader”? Why?
- Anyone wearing half-pants that reach just below the knees invites the comment “he is dressed like a pader” because that was the traditional dress style of bakers.
- Where were the monthly accounts of the baker recorded?
- The monthly accounts of the baker were recorded on some wall in pencil.
- What does a ‘jackfruit-like appearance’ mean?
- A ‘jackfruit-like appearance’ means having a plump or pleasantly fat body, indicating prosperity and good health.
- Which of these statements are correct?
- (i) The pader was an important person in the village in old times.
- (ii) Paders still exist in Goan villages.
- (v) Bread and cakes were an integral part of Goan life in the old days.
- (vi) Traditional bread-baking is still a very profitable business.
- Is bread an important part of Goan life? How do you know this?
- Yes, bread is an important part of Goan life. This is shown by its essential role in various celebrations and daily routines, and the fact that the presence of a baker’s furnace is considered crucial in villages.
- Tick the right answer. What is the tone of the author when he says the following?
- (i) The thud and the jingle of the traditional baker’s bamboo can still be heard in some places. (nostalgic)
- (ii) Maybe the father is not alive but the son still carries on the family profession. (nostalgic)
- (iii) I still recall the typical fragrance of those loaves. (nostalgic)
- (iv) The tiger never brushed his teeth. Hot tea could wash and clean up everything so nicely, after all. (naughty)
- (v) Cakes and bolinhas are a must for Christmas as well as other festivals. (matter-of-fact)
- (vi) The baker and his family never starved. They always looked happy and prosperous. (matter-of-fact)
20 Difficult Words with Synonyms, Antonyms, and Hindi Meanings
- Reminiscing:
- Synonyms: Recalling, Reflecting
- Antonyms: Forgetting, Ignoring
- Hindi: याद करना
- Nostalgically:
- Synonyms: Sentimentally, Longingly
- Antonyms: Indifferently, Unconcernedly
- Hindi: स्मरण से
- Extinguished:
- Synonyms: Quenched, Doused
- Antonyms: Ignited, Kindled
- Hindi: बुझाया हुआ
- Heralding:
- Synonyms: Announcing, Proclaiming
- Antonyms: Concealing, Withdrawing
- Hindi: घोषणा करना
- Fragrance:
- Synonyms: Aroma, Scent
- Antonyms: Odor, Stench
- Hindi: सुगंध
- Rebuke:
- Synonyms: Reprimand, Scold
- Antonyms: Praise, Compliment
- Hindi: डांट
- Integral:
- Synonyms: Essential, Fundamental
- Antonyms: Unimportant, Nonessential
- Hindi: अभिन्न
- Engagement:
- Synonyms: Betrothal, Commitment
- Antonyms: Separation, Disengagement
- Hindi: सगाई
- Prosperous:
- Synonyms: Wealthy, Affluent
- Antonyms: Poor, Impoverished
- Hindi: समृद्ध
- Plump:
- Synonyms: Chubby, Round
- Antonyms: Skinny, Thin
- Hindi: गोल-मटोल
- Testimony:
- Synonyms: Evidence, Proof
- Antonyms: Disproof, Refutation
- Hindi: गवाही
- Furnace:
- Synonyms: Kiln, Oven
- Antonyms: Freezer, Refrigerator
- Hindi: भट्टी
- Bangles:
- Synonyms: Bracelets, Armlets
- Antonyms:
- Hindi: चूड़ियाँ
- Jingle:
- Synonyms: Tinkle, Chime
- Antonyms: Silence, Quiet
- Hindi: झंकार
- Moulders:
- Synonyms: Shapers, Formers
- Antonyms: Destroyers, Breakers
- Hindi: बनाने वाले
- Physique:
- Synonyms: Body, Build
- Antonyms: Mind, Spirit
- Hindi: शरीर
- Profitable:
- Synonyms: Lucrative, Gainful
- Antonyms: Unprofitable, Loss-making
- Hindi: लाभदायक
- Parapet:
- Synonyms: Barrier, Wall
- Antonyms: Gap, Opening
- Hindi: मुँडेर
- Vertical:
- Synonyms: Upright, Perpendicular
- Antonyms: Horizontal, Flat
- Hindi: खड़ा
- Thud:
- Synonyms: Thump, Bang
- Antonyms: Silence, Softness
- Hindi: धमाका
Theme and Title
Theme: The story highlights the enduring cultural legacy and importance of traditional bread-making in Goa, symbolizing the blend of Portuguese heritage with local customs. It emphasizes the significance of traditional occupations and their impact on social and cultural life.
Title: “A Baker from Goa” aptly encapsulates the essence of the narrative, focusing on the central figure of the traditional Goan baker and his indispensable role in the community.
Question Answers
- What images — of people and of places — come to your mind, when you think of our country?
- Images of diverse cultures, bustling cities, serene villages, historical monuments, and natural landscapes come to mind. People from various backgrounds living in harmony, traditional festivities, and vibrant markets are also prominent images.
- What parts of India have you lived in, or visited? Can you name some popular tourist destinations?
- I have lived in/visited [your answer]. Some popular tourist destinations include the Taj Mahal in Agra, beaches of Goa, backwaters of Kerala, Jaipur’s palaces, and the temples of Varanasi.
- You may know that apart from the British, the Dutch and the French, the Portuguese have also played a part in the history of our country. Can you say which parts of India show French and Portuguese influences?
- Goa shows significant Portuguese influence, while Pondicherry (Puducherry) exhibits French influence.
- Can you say which parts of India grow (i) tea, (ii) coffee?
- (i) Tea is primarily grown in Assam, West Bengal (Darjeeling), and Kerala.
- (ii) Coffee is mainly grown in Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu.
- What are the elders in Goa nostalgic about?
- The elders in Goa are nostalgic about the Portuguese days and their famous loaves of bread.
- Is bread-making still popular in Goa? How do you know?
- Yes, bread-making is still popular in Goa as the traditional bakers (paders) and their baking practices continue to exist.
- What is the baker called?
- The baker is called a “pader.”
- When would the baker come every day? Why did the children run to meet him?
- The baker came twice a day, once in the morning and once after he had sold his bread. The children ran to meet him for the bread-bangles.
- Match the following:
- (i) as marriage gifts? – sweet bread called bol
- (ii) for a party or a feast? – bread
- (iii) for a daughter’s engagement? – sandwiches
- (iv) for Christmas? – cakes and bolinhas
- What did the bakers wear: (i) in the Portuguese days? (ii) when the author was young?
- (i) In the Portuguese days, bakers wore a long frock called the kabai.
- (ii) When the author was young, bakers wore shirts and trousers that were shorter than full-length but longer than half pants.
- Who invites the comment — “he is dressed like a pader”? Why?
- Anyone wearing half-pants that reach just below the knees invites the comment because it resembles the traditional dress of the bakers.
- Where were the monthly accounts of the baker recorded?
- The monthly accounts were recorded on a wall in pencil.
- What does a ‘jackfruit-like appearance’ mean?
- A ‘jackfruit-like appearance’ means having a plump, round physique, indicating good health and prosperity.
- Which of these statements are correct?
- (i) The pader was an important person in the village in old times.
- (ii) Paders still exist in Goan villages.
- (v) Bread and cakes were an integral part of Goan life in the old days.
- (vi) Traditional bread-baking is still a very profitable business.
- Is bread an important part of Goan life? How do you know this?
- Yes, bread is an important part of Goan life. It is essential for various celebrations, festivals, and daily routines, indicating its cultural significance.
- Tick the right answer. What is the tone of the author when he says the following?
- (i) The thud and the jingle of the traditional baker’s bamboo can still be heard in some places. (nostalgic)
- (ii) Maybe the father is not alive but the son still carries on the family profession. (nostalgic)
- (iii) I still recall the typical fragrance of those loaves. (nostalgic)
- (iv) The tiger never brushed his teeth. Hot tea could wash and clean up everything so nicely, after all. (naughty)
- (v) Cakes and bolinhas are a must for Christmas as well as other festivals. (matter-of-fact)
- (vi) The baker and his family never starved. They always looked happy and prosperous. (matter-of-fact)
MCQs of Glimpses of India: Class 10
Part I: A Baker from Goa
MCQs and Answers:
- Question: What were the bakers in Goa known as?
- A. Boulanger
- B. Pader
- C. Baker
- D. Patissier
- Answer: B. Pader
- Question: What did the baker’s bamboo staff signify?
- A. Fresh cakes
- B. Bread delivery
- C. Special offers
- D. End of day
- Answer: B. Bread delivery
- Question: How did the children react to the baker’s arrival?
- A. They hid from him
- B. They ignored him
- C. They eagerly waited for him
- D. They ran away
- Answer: C. They eagerly waited for him
- Question: What was a special treat for the children from the baker?
- A. Chocolate
- B. Bread bangles
- C. Cakes
- D. Biscuits
- Answer: B. Bread bangles
- Question: What attire did the baker typically wear?
- A. A long frock-like shirt and trousers
- B. A suit and tie
- C. Traditional Indian kurta
- D. Shorts and T-shirt
- Answer: A. A long frock-like shirt and trousers
- Question: For what occasions was bread essential in Goan households?
- A. Birthdays
- B. Weddings
- C. Festivals
- D. All of the above
- Answer: D. All of the above
- Question: How was the bread delivered by the baker?
- A. By post
- B. Door-to-door
- C. Through a shop
- D. Online delivery
- Answer: B. Door-to-door
- Question: What was the baker’s payment frequency?
- A. Daily or weekly
- B. Monthly
- C. Yearly
- D. Per delivery
- Answer: A. Daily or weekly
- Question: Which time of the day did the baker usually visit?
- A. Afternoon
- B. Evening
- C. Morning
- D. Night
- Answer: C. Morning
- Question: What was the cultural significance of the baker in Goan society?
- A. He was just a tradesman
- B. He played a significant role in daily life and special occasions
- C. He was unpopular
- D. He was rarely seen
- Answer: B. He played a significant role in daily life and special occasions
Part II: Coorg
MCQs and Answers:
- Question: Where is Coorg located?
- A. Tamil Nadu
- B. Karnataka
- C. Kerala
- D. Andhra Pradesh
- Answer: B. Karnataka
- Question: What is Coorg famous for?
- A. Tea plantations
- B. Coffee plantations
- C. Wheat fields
- D. Rice paddies
- Answer: B. Coffee plantations
- Question: Which ethnic group is dominant in Coorg?
- A. Tamils
- B. Kodavas
- C. Malayalees
- D. Telugus
- Answer: B. Kodavas
- Question: What martial tradition is associated with the Kodavas?
- A. Kung Fu
- B. Judo
- C. Archery and swordsmanship
- D. Boxing
- Answer: C. Archery and swordsmanship
- Question: What is a popular adventurous activity in Coorg?
- A. Fishing
- B. Swimming
- C. River rafting
- D. Golf
- Answer: C. River rafting
- Question: What natural feature adds to the charm of Coorg?
- A. Deserts
- B. Hills and streams
- C. Plains
- D. Lakes
- Answer: B. Hills and streams
- Question: What type of climate does Coorg have?
- A. Hot and arid
- B. Temperate
- C. Cold and snowy
- D. Tropical with moderate temperature
- Answer: D. Tropical with moderate temperature
- Question: What is the traditional attire of the Kodavas?
- A. Kurta and pajama
- B. Saree and blouse
- C. Kupya (a long black coat)
- D. Dhoti and shirt
- Answer: C. Kupya (a long black coat)
- Question: Which festival is prominently celebrated by the Kodavas?
- A. Diwali
- B. Pongal
- C. Puthari (harvest festival)
- D. Holi
- Answer: C. Puthari (harvest festival)
- Question: What adds to the hospitality of Coorg?
- A. The pleasant weather
- B. The warm and welcoming nature of the people
- C. The beautiful architecture
- D. The delicious food
- Answer: B. The warm and welcoming nature of the people
Part III: Tea from Assam
MCQs and Answers:
- Question: Which state is known for its significant tea production?
- A. Kerala
- B. Assam
- C. Gujarat
- D. Maharashtra
- Answer: B. Assam
- Question: What type of tea is Assam famous for?
- A. Green tea
- B. Herbal tea
- C. Black tea
- D. White tea
- Answer: C. Black tea
- Question: According to legend, who discovered tea?
- A. An Indian sage
- B. A Japanese monk
- C. Emperor Shen Nong
- D. Queen Victoria
- Answer: C. Emperor Shen Nong
- Question: What is the climate of Assam ideal for?
- A. Rice cultivation
- B. Tea cultivation
- C. Wheat cultivation
- D. Cotton cultivation
- Answer: B. Tea cultivation
- Question: What does the tea cultivation process involve?
- A. Planting seeds in winter
- B. Handpicking leaves
- C. Machine harvesting
- D. Using chemical fertilizers only
- Answer: B. Handpicking leaves
- Question: How is tea an integral part of Assamese culture?
- A. It is consumed only during festivals
- B. It is a daily ritual and part of hospitality
- C. It is rarely consumed
- D. It is only exported
- Answer: B. It is a daily ritual and part of hospitality
- Question: What is unique about Assam tea?
- A. Its sweetness
- B. Its briskness and malty flavor
- C. Its color
- D. Its bitterness
- Answer: B. Its briskness and malty flavor
- Question: What is a popular blend that includes Assam tea?
- A. Chamomile tea
- B. Earl Grey
- C. English Breakfast
- D. Peppermint tea
- Answer: C. English Breakfast
- Question: What tool is used to harvest tea leaves in Assam?
- A. A sickle
- B. A scythe
- C. By hand
- D. A plough
- Answer: C. By hand
- Question: How does tea contribute to Assam’s economy?
- A. It is a minor crop
- B. It is a major export product
- C. It is consumed locally only
- D. It is not significant
- Answer: B. It is a major export product
